What are the necessary tables for the customer to make direct changes to the database in a script? This user is crendetial in more 700 templates.
Leon Adato has a good idea. If the credential that is being changed will no longer be used for any other templates, then renaming/re-passwording it in the Credential Library is the way to go. It should be noted that credentials are not used for applications or application templates, rather they are assigned to each component within the application template. So your estimation of 700 is likely to be much higher assuming you have more than 1 component in each template.
I would recommend against updating the database directly if it can be avoided. Where and when possible I would recommend using the Orion web interface to make any necessary changes, or leveraging the Orion SDK for automation of those tasks.
I'll second aLTeReGo's comment and add that the user credentials ESPECIALLY I would not change, since that's part of a more "vertical" table structure.
Plus, if you want to update a user credential, you should use the page under "Settings" because then you change it ONCE and it updates for all 700 nodes.
IF I'm understanding your question correctly.